Past Issues

Objective:Symptoms and consequences of attention-defi cit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and sleep problems frequently overlap, and both of them complicate the impairments which merit attention. This overview is to summarize the association between the sleep problems/disorders and ADHD symptoms/diagnosis, particularly focusing on recent studies in Taiwan. Method:Literature concerning this topic published in SCI/SSCI journals was systemically reviewed. Result:ADHD-related symptoms and the diagnosis of ADHD are associated with some sleep problems/disorders, such as periodic limb movements during sleep, restless legs syndrome, sleep-disordered breathing and dyssomnia, but not with parasomnia. Use of medication and other psychiatric comorbidities are potential confounders. Conclusion:Assessing sleep problems/disorders among patients with ADHD symptoms and screening for other psychiatric comorbidities and the side effects of medication are important to avoid inappropriate diagnosis and inadequate management of sleep problems/disorders among patients with ADHD.