Past Issues
Ethnicity Composition and Altitude on Suicide: A Spatial Analysis of Data from Taiwan
Vincent Chin-Hung Chen, Robert Stewart, Mei-Hing Ng, Charles Tzu-Chi Lee
Objective:Few studies have assessed the spatial association of suicide in the
world. In this study, we intended to investigate ecological associations with ethnic
composition and altitude on suicide rates using national data from Taiwan.
Methods: All suicide deaths of residents aged 15 years and over between January 1,
1997 to December 31, 2003 in Taiwan (n = 23,380) were included. Definition of
suicide deaths encompassed suicide (ICD-9 codes E950-959) and injury undeter-mined whether accidentally or purposely inflicted (E980-989). We calculated stan-dardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for all 358 townships, the residents was 59,490
± 74,932 (mean ± SD) per township, and the average area of townships was 100.9
± 182.6 (mean ± SD) square kilometers. Each township was treated as a unit in the
analysis. We used spatial regression to test associations with ethnic composition
and altitude, after adjusting for sociodemographic, economic and health care pro-vision indices (including unemployment, marital status, disability, single-person
households, home ownership, educational attainment, population density, total
number of medical doctors, psychiatric beds, and spatial autocorrelation). Results:
Both proportion of aboriginal residents and altitude of residence were significantly
and positively associated with SMRs in fully adjusted models (p < 0.001). The ef-fect of ethnic composition and altitude on suicide predominated in the age 15-24
(p < 0.001) and 25-44 (p < 0.001) subgroups. Conclusion:Our results are consis-tent with previous study finding that altitude is a risk factor for suicide. The novel
finding was that the effect of ethnic composition and altitude on suicide was found
to be predominated in the young age groups.
Key Word | hypoxia, depression, aborigines, standardized mortality ratios |
---|